Ubiquitylation of synphilin-1 and alpha-synuclein by SIAH and its presence in cellular inclusions and Lewy bodies imply a role in Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by Lewy body formation and death of dopaminergic neurons. Mutations in alpha-synuclein and parkin cause familial forms of PD. Synphilin-1 was shown to interact with alpha-synuclein and to promote the formation of cytosolic inclusions. We now report that synphilin-1 interacts with the ...
E3 ubiquitin-ligases SIAH-1 and SIAH-2. SIAH proteins ubiquitylate synphilin-1 both in vitro and in vivo, promoting its degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Inability of the proteasome to degrade synphilin-1/SIAH complex leads to a robust formation of ubiquitylated cytosolic inclusions. Ubiquitylation is required for inclusion formation, because a catalytically inactive mutant of SIAH-1, which still binds to synphilin-1, fails to promote inclusions. Like synphilin-1, alpha-synuclein associates with SIAH in intact cells, but the interaction with SIAH-2 was much stronger that with SIAH-1. In vitro experiments show that SIAH-2 monoubiquitylates alpha-synuclein. Further evidence that SIAH proteins may play a role in inclusion formation comes from the demonstration of SIAH immunoreactivity in Lewy bodies of PD patients.
Mesh Terms:
Animals, Brain, Carrier Proteins, Cell Line, Humans, Inclusion Bodies, Lewy Bodies, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Nuclear Proteins, Parkinson Disease, Protein Binding, Proteins, Rats, Recombinant Fusion Proteins, Synucleins, Transcription Factors, Transfection, Ubiquitin, Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases, alpha-Synuclein
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.
Date: Apr. 13, 2004
Download Curated Data For This Publication
109209
Switch View:
  • Interactions 7
  • PTM Genes 1