Saccharomyces cerevisiae mid2p is a potential cell wall stress sensor and upstream activator of the PKC1-MPK1 cell integrity pathway.
The MID2 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae encodes a protein with structural features indicative of a plasma membrane-associated cell wall sensor. MID2 was isolated as a multicopy activator of the Skn7p transcription factor. Deletion of MID2 causes resistance to calcofluor white, diminished production of stress-induced cell wall chitin under a variety ... of conditions, and changes in growth rate and viability in a number of different cell wall biosynthesis mutants. Overexpression of MID2 causes hyperaccumulation of chitin and increased sensitivity to calcofluor white. alpha-Factor hypersensitivity of mid2Delta mutants can be suppressed by overexpression of upstream elements of the cell integrity pathway, including PKC1, RHO1, WSC1, and WSC2. Mid2p and Wsc1p appear to have overlapping roles in maintaining cell integrity since mid2Delta wsc1Delta mutants are inviable on medium that does not contain osmotic support. A role for MID2 in the cell integrity pathway is further supported by the finding that MID2 is required for induction of Mpk1p tyrosine phosphorylation during exposure to alpha-factor, calcofluor white, or high temperature. Our data are consistent with a role for Mid2p in sensing cell wall stress and in activation of a response that includes both increased chitin synthesis and the Mpk1p mitogen-activated protein kinase cell integrity pathway. In addition, we have identified an open reading frame, MTL1, which encodes a protein with both structural and functional similarity to Mid2p.
Mesh Terms:
Benzenesulfonates, Calcium-Binding Proteins, Cell Wall, Chitin, DNA-Binding Proteins, Enzyme Induction, Epistasis, Genetic, Fungal Proteins, Gene Deletion, Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal, Genes, Fungal, Genes, Suppressor, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Membrane Glycoproteins, Membrane Proteins, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases, Osmolar Concentration, Peptides, Phosphorylation, Phosphotyrosine, Protein Kinase C, Protein Kinases, Recombinant Fusion Proteins, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins, Temperature, Transcription Factors
Benzenesulfonates, Calcium-Binding Proteins, Cell Wall, Chitin, DNA-Binding Proteins, Enzyme Induction, Epistasis, Genetic, Fungal Proteins, Gene Deletion, Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal, Genes, Fungal, Genes, Suppressor, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Membrane Glycoproteins, Membrane Proteins, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases, Osmolar Concentration, Peptides, Phosphorylation, Phosphotyrosine, Protein Kinase C, Protein Kinases, Recombinant Fusion Proteins, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins, Temperature, Transcription Factors
J. Bacteriol.
Date: Jun. 01, 1999
PubMed ID: 10348843
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