HSV1 VP1-2 deubiquitinates STING to block type I interferon expression and promote brain infection.
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is the main cause of viral encephalitis in the Western world, and the type I interferon (IFN) system is important for antiviral control in the brain. Here, we have compared Ifnb induction in mixed murine brain cell cultures by a panel of HSV1 mutants, each devoid ... of one mechanism to counteract the IFN-stimulating cGAS-STING pathway. We found that a mutant lacking the deubiquitinase (DUB) activity of the VP1-2 protein induced particularly strong expression of Ifnb and IFN-stimulated genes. HSV1 ?DUB also induced elevated IFN expression in murine and human microglia and exhibited reduced viral replication in the brain. This was associated with increased ubiquitination of STING and elevated phosphorylation of STING, TBK1, and IRF3. VP1-2 associated directly with STING, leading to its deubiquitination. Recruitment of VP1-2 to STING was dependent on K150 of STING, which was ubiquitinated by TRIM32. Thus, the DUB activity of HSV1 VP1-2 is a major viral immune-evasion mechanism in the brain.
Mesh Terms:
Animals, Brain, Cells, Cultured, Cytoplasm, DNA, Viral, Deubiquitinating Enzymes, HEK293 Cells, Herpesvirus 1, Human, Humans, Interferon Type I, Lysine, Membrane Proteins, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Microglia, Mutation, Nucleotidyltransferases, Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases, Signal Transduction, Ubiquitin, Ubiquitination, Viral Proteins, Virus Replication
Animals, Brain, Cells, Cultured, Cytoplasm, DNA, Viral, Deubiquitinating Enzymes, HEK293 Cells, Herpesvirus 1, Human, Humans, Interferon Type I, Lysine, Membrane Proteins, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Microglia, Mutation, Nucleotidyltransferases, Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases, Signal Transduction, Ubiquitin, Ubiquitination, Viral Proteins, Virus Replication
J Exp Med
Date: Dec. 06, 2019
PubMed ID: 32383759
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